{"check":null,"uid":"e72701906ebc73b1","title":"Artificial Intelligence Data Center Moratorium Act","title_generated":false,"country":"США","organ":"Конгресс США","kind":"law","kind_name":"Законодательство","lang":"en","date":"2026-03-25","summary":"Акт вводит временный запрет на строительство новых центров обработки данных искусственного интеллекта до принятия законов, обеспечивающих безопасность и контроль за развитием ИИ. Он также ограничивает экспорт оборудования для ИИ в страны без аналогичных законодательных норм. Требует от Департамента торговли США запретить экспорт и реэкспорт такого оборудования странам с недостаточным регулированием ИИ. Подлежат обязательному раскрытию источники финансирования, энергетические и водные потребности, трудовые условия и другие данные об этих центрах.","snippet":"","topics":["Искусственный интеллект"],"status":"ok","error":"","text_len":14246,"versions":1,"url":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/4214","first_seen":"2026-09-10","last_checked":"2026-09-17 02:01","relevance":"hit","score":49,"query":"","source_key":"congress_us","verdict":{"relevance":"hit","score":49,"topics":["Искусственный интеллект"],"need_body":3,"authorities":[],"evidence":[{"topic":"Искусственный интеллект","term":"artificial intelligence","weak":false,"pos":0,"ctx":"artificial intelligence data center moratorium act","zone":"название","weight":3},{"topic":"Искусственный интеллект","term":"artificial intelligence","weak":false,"pos":8,"ctx":"summary artificial intelligence data center moratorium act this bill prohibits building or upgrading artificial intellige","zone":"текст","weight":1},{"topic":"Искусственный интеллект","term":"artificial intelligence","weak":false,"pos":101,"ctx":"ificial intelligence data center moratorium act this bill prohibits building or upgrading artificial intelligence (ai) data centers until laws regulating ai and ai data centers are enacted. it also restr","zone":"текст","weight":1},{"topic":"Искусственный интеллект","term":"artificial intelligence","weak":false,"pos":1950,"ctx":"data centers until legislation is enacted that safeguards the public from the dangers of artificial intelligence.  _______________________________________________________________________  in the senate","zone":"текст","weight":1},{"topic":"Искусственный интеллект","term":"artificial intelligence","weak":false,"pos":2457,"ctx":"data centers until legislation is enacted that safeguards the public from the dangers of artificial intelligence.  be it enacted by the senate and house of representatives of the united states of americ","zone":"текст","weight":1},{"topic":"Искусственный интеллект","term":"artificial intelligence","weak":false,"pos":2652,"ctx":"f america in congress assembled,  section 1. short title.  this act may be cited as the ``artificial intelligence data center moratorium act''.  sec. 2. findings.  congress finds that-- (1) leading exper","zone":"текст","weight":1},{"topic":"Искусственный интеллект","term":"artificial intelligence","weak":false,"pos":2848,"ctx":"g experts and industry leaders have warned about catastrophic consequences from unchecked artificial intelligence development and deployment, including-- (a) elon musk, the wealthiest person alive, and w","zone":"текст","weight":1}],"dropped":[{"topic":"Персональные данные","term":"privacy","weak":true,"pos":9667,"ctx":"are safe and effective and do not threaten the health and well-being of working families, privacy and civil rights, and the future of humanity; (b) the economic gains of artificial intell","why":"одиночное упоминание (нужно 3)"}]},"last_changed":"2026-09-11","meta":{"congress":"119","billType":"S","number":"4214","policyArea":"Science, Technology, Communications","subjects":[],"latestAction":"2026-06-24 Referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.","textVersion":"is"},"source_url":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/4214","text":"SUMMARY\nArtificial Intelligence Data Center Moratorium Act\nThis bill prohibits building or upgrading artificial intelligence (AI) data centers until laws regulating AI and AI data centers are enacted. It also restricts the export of AI-related computing hardware to countries without similar laws in effect.\nSpecifically, no AI data center may be constructed or upgraded until laws are enacted (1) subjecting AI products to prerelease federal review and approval for safety and effectiveness, and (2) ensuring that AI-related economic gains benefit workers and the people of the United States (including by preventing AI-related job loss).\nFurther, with respect to AI data centers built or upgraded after the moratorium ends, these laws must ensure\nsuch centers do not increase consumers’ utility bills and do not harm the environment;\naffected communities are empowered to approve or reject construction or upgrades;\nsuch centers create union jobs subject to labor standards; and\nno government subsidy is provided for the construction, upgrade, or operation of such centers.\nUnder the bill, the term AI data center includes collocated structures and equipment under common ownership or control used for AI development or operation that meet certain power and design specifications.\nAdditionally, the Department of Commerce must prohibit the export, reexport, or in-country transfer of specified computing hardware for AI-related use to any country that does not have comparable laws or regulations in effect.\nFinally, the Department of Energy must periodically report on AI data centers’ funding sources, energy and water use, and labor.\n\nFULL TEXT\n[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]\n[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]\n[S. 4214 Introduced in Senate (IS)]\n\n<DOC>\n\n119th CONGRESS\n2d Session\nS. 4214\n\nTo impose a moratorium on the construction of new data centers until\nlegislation is enacted that safeguards the public from the dangers of\nartificial intelligence.\n\n_______________________________________________________________________\n\nIN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES\n\nMarch 25, 2026\n\nMr. Sanders introduced the following bill; which was read twice and\nreferred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation\n\n_______________________________________________________________________\n\nA BILL\n\nTo impose a moratorium on the construction of new data centers until\nlegislation is enacted that safeguards the public from the dangers of\nartificial intelligence.\n\nBe it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the\nUnited States of America in Congress assembled,\n\nSECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.\n\nThis Act may be cited as the ``Artificial Intelligence Data Center\nMoratorium Act''.\n\nSEC. 2. FINDINGS.\n\nCongress finds that--\n(1) leading experts and industry leaders have warned about\ncatastrophic consequences from unchecked artificial\nintelligence development and deployment, including--\n(A) Elon Musk, the wealthiest person alive, and\nworth $826,600,000,000 as of the date of introduction\nof this Act, who stated that ``AI and robots will\nreplace all jobs. Working will be optional.'' and that\nartificial intelligence is akin to ``summoning the\ndemon'';\n(B) Dario Amodei, the CEO of Anthropic, who\npredicted that ``AI could displace half of all entry-\nlevel white collar jobs in the next 1 to 5 years.'' and\nthat ``humanity is about to be handed almost\nunimaginable power, and it is deeply unclear whether\nour social, political, and technological systems\npossess the maturity to wield it.'';\n(C) Demis Hassabis, the head of Google's Deepmind,\nwho stated that the AI revolution will be 10 times\nbigger than the industrial revolution and 10 times\nfaster;\n(D) Jeff Bezos, the fourth-richest person in the\nworld and worth $233,000,000,000 as of the date of\nintroduction of this Act, who has reportedly pushed his\nstaff for years to think big and envision what it would\ntake for Amazon to fully automate its operations with\nplans to replace at least 600,000 warehouse workers\nwith robots;\n(E) Bill Gates, worth $101,000,000,000 as of the\ndate of introduction of this Act, who predicted that\nhumans ``won't be needed for most things,'' such as\nmanufacturing products, delivering packages, or growing\nfood over the next decade due to artificial\nintelligence;\n(F) Mustafa Suleyman, the CEO of Microsoft AI, who\nsaid that most white-collar work ``will be fully\nautomated by an AI within the next 12 to 18 months'';\n(G) Jim Farley, the CEO of Ford, who predicted that\nartificial intelligence will eliminate ``literally half\nof all white-collar jobs in the U.S.'' within the next\ndecade;\n(H) Larry Ellison, the sixth-richest person in the\nworld and worth $203,000,000,000 as of the date of\nintroduction of this Act, who said that there will be\nan artificial intelligence-powered surveillance state\nwhere ``citizens will be on their best behavior,\nbecause we're constantly recording and reporting\neverything that is going on.'';\n(I) Dr. Geoffrey Hinton, considered to be the\n``godfather'' of artificial intelligence, who stated\nthat he believes there is a ``10 to 20 percent chance\n[for artificial intelligence] to wipe us out.''; and\n(J) Mark Zuckerberg, the fifth-richest person in\nthe world and worth $214,000,000,000 as of the date of\nintroduction of this Act, is building a data center in\nthe State of Louisiana that is the size of Manhattan\nand will use 3 times the quantity of electricity that\nthe entire city of New Orleans uses every year; and\n(2) leading experts and the heads of the major artificial\nintelligence companies have called for regulation and\nreasonable pauses to the development of artificial intelligence\nto ensure the safety of humanity, including--\n(A) Elon Musk, the head of xAI, who stated--\n(i) in 2018 the following: ``Mark my words.\nAI is far more dangerous than nukes. So why do\nwe have no regulatory oversight? This is\ninsane.''; and\n(ii) in 2025 that he had ``a lot of AI\nnightmares'' and would ``certainly slow down AI\nand robotics'' if he could;\n(B) Demis Hassabis, the head of Google's Deepmind,\nwho said in 2026 that he would support an AI pause if\nhe knew other countries and companies also paused\ndevelopment;\n(C) Dario Amodei, the head of Anthropic, who said\nin 2026 that he would be ``absolutely in favor of\ntrying'' to slow down AI development if other countries\nalso slowed down;\n(D) Sam Altman, the head of OpenAI, who, in 2023,\nwrote that ``we need some degree of coordination among\nthe leading development efforts to ensure that the\ndevelopment of superintelligence occurs in a manner\nthat allows us to both maintain safety and help smooth\nintegration of these systems with society'' and that\n``an effective global regulatory framework including\ndemocratic governance'' is needed;\n(E) more than 1,000 business leaders in the Big\nTech industry, prominent scientists, and artificial\nintelligence researchers and academics, including Elon\nMusk, Steve Wozniak (co-founder of Apple), and Evan\nSharp (co-founder of Pinterest), who, in March 2023,\ncosigned an open letter entitled ``Pause Giant AI\nExperiments'' which stated the following: ``We must ask\nourselves: Should we let machines flood our information\nchannels with propaganda and untruth? Should we\nautomate away all the jobs, including the fulfilling\nones? Should we develop nonhuman minds that might\neventually outnumber, outsmart, obsolete and replace\nus? Should we risk loss of control of our civilization?\nSuch decisions must not be delegated to unelected tech\nleaders. . .Therefore, we call on all AI labs to\nimmediately pause for at least 6 months the training of\nAI systems more powerful than GPT-4. This pause should\nbe public and verifiable, and include all key actors.\nIf such a pause cannot be enacted quickly, governments\nshould step in and institute a moratorium.''; and\n(F) artificial intelligence pioneers Geoffrey\nHinton and Yoshua Bengio and other technology leaders,\nwho have called for ``a prohibition on the development\nof superintelligence, not lifted before there is broad\nscientific consensus that it will be done safely and\ncontrollably, and strong public buy-in''.\n\nSEC. 3. MORATORIUM ON CONSTRUCTION OF NEW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DATA\nCENTERS.\n\n(a) Definition of Artificial Intelligence Data Center.--In this\nsection, the term ``artificial intelligence data center'' means all the\nbuildings, equipment, structures, and other stationary items, such as\nserver racks, that--\n(1) are located on a single site or on contiguous,\nadjacent, or otherwise connected sites;\n(2) are owned or operated by the same entity or by any\nentity that controls, is controlled by, or is under the common\ncontrol of that entity, regardless of whether the site is a\nsingle-occupant or multi-occupant facility; and\n(3)(A) are used for the development or operation of\nartificial intelligence models at scale; or\n(B)(i) have a maximum rated power capacity or total peak\npower load in excess of 20 megawatts; and\n(ii) are designed or equipped--\n(I) to deliver 20 kilowatts or more of electrical\npower to a single server rack; or\n(II) to utilize cooling systems that circulate\nliquid to individual hardware components or submerge\nelectronic hardware in liquid.\n(b) Moratorium.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act,\nthe construction or upgrading of new or existing artificial\nintelligence data centers may not commence or proceed until--\n(1) 1 or more laws are enacted that ensure that--\n(A) the Federal Government shall review and approve\nartificial intelligence products before those products\nare released, for the purpose of ensuring that those\nproducts are safe and effective and do not threaten the\nhealth and well-being of working families, privacy and\ncivil rights, and the future of humanity;\n(B) the economic gains of artificial intelligence\nand robotics will benefit workers, not just the wealthy\nowners of Big Tech companies, including by--\n(i) putting policies in place to prevent\njob displacement due to artificial\nintelligence; and\n(ii) ensuring the wealth generated by those\ncompanies is shared with the people of the\nUnited States; and\n(C) with respect to any artificial intelligence\ndata center built or upgraded after the termination of\nthe moratorium under this subsection--\n(i) the artificial intelligence data center\ndoes not increase utility or electricity bills\nof consumers;\n(ii) the artificial intelligence data\ncenter does not exacerbate the threat of\nclimate change or harm the environment;\n(iii) communities that would be affected by\nthe artificial intelligence data center are\nempowered to approve or reject the construction\nor upgrading of that artificial intelligence\ndata center;\n(iv) no government subsidy is provided for\nthe construction, upgrading, or operation of\nthat artificial intelligence data center; and\n(v) the artificial intelligence data center\ncreates union jobs with strong labor standards,\nincluding payment of prevailing wages and use\nof registered apprenticeship programs and\nproject labor agreements; and\n(2) a provision in the 1 or more laws described in\nparagraph (1) expressly terminates the moratorium under this\nsubsection.\n(c) Reports.--\n(1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy shall--\n(A) submit to Congress quarterly reports on\nartificial intelligence data centers; and\n(B) make those quarterly reports publicly available\non the website of the Department of Energy.\n(2) Contents.--A report submitted by the Secretary of\nEnergy under paragraph (1) shall include, at a minimum, for the\nperiod covered by the report and with respect to each\nartificial intelligence data center--\n(A) all financial vehicles involved in the\noperation of the artificial intelligence data center;\n(B) the water usage of the artificial intelligence\ndata center;\n(C) the energy usage and infrastructure needs of\nthe artificial intelligence data center;\n(D) the on- and off-site greenhouse gas emissions\nof the artificial intelligence data center, including\nthe results of fenceline air quality monitoring;\n(E) the wastewater discharge and thermal outputs of\nthe artificial intelligence data center;\n(F) the cooling chemicals used at the artificial\nintelligence data center;\n(G) the noise levels at the artificial intelligence\ndata center;\n(H) information on wages and benefits provided to\nworkers at the artificial intelligence data center;\n(I) the number of temporary and permanent jobs\ncreated at the artificial intelligence data center;\n(J) agreements entered into by the artificial\nintelligence data center relating to land acquisitions,\nutilities, or government entities, if any; and\n(K) a certification that the artificial\nintelligence data center has not utilized any Federal,\nState, or local subsidies.\n(3) Verification.--The Secretary of Energy may obtain and\nverify information relating to the moratorium under subsection\n(b) and reporting requirements described in paragraph (2),\nincluding by--\n(A) issuing subpoenas;\n(B) requiring written interrogatories;\n(C) conducting inspections; and\n(D) conditioning future permitting on compliance\nwith this section.\n\nSEC. 4. EXPORT CONTROLS ON COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE HARDWARE.\n\n(a) Definitions.--In this section:\n(1) Computing infrastructure hardware.--The term\n``computing infrastructure hardware'' means semiconductors,\nintegrated circuits, and products containing integrated\ncircuits, including computers, networking equipment, and data\nstorage systems.\n(2) Export; in-country transfer; reexport.--The terms\n``export'', ``in-country transfer'', and ``reexport'' have the\nmeanings given those terms in section 1742 of the Export\nControl Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801).\n(b) Export Controls.--On and after the date of the enactment of\nthis Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall prohibit the export,\nreexport, or in-country transfer of computing infrastructure hardware\nfor an end-use described in subsection (c)--\n(1) to or in any country that does not have in effect\nstatutes or regulations that are comparable to the laws\ndescribed in section 3(b)(1); or\n(2) to any person in a country described in paragraph (1).\n(c) End-Uses Described.--An end-use referred to in subsection (b)\nis use--\n(1) in an artificial intelligence data center; or\n(2) otherwise in the training or deployment of artificial\nintelligence models at scale.\n<all>","changes":[],"passport":{"data":{"act":{"jurisdiction":"США","title_official":"Artificial Intelligence Data Center Moratorium Act","title_short":"","level":"законопроект","date_adopted":"2026-03-25","date_in_force":"не вступил в силу","date_version":"версия от даты внесения","phased":"мораторий действует до вступления в силу законов, удовлетворяющих ст. 3(b)(1), с их явным прекращением по п. 3(b)(2); экспортный запрет — со дня вступления в силу; отчёты Секретаря энергетики — ежеквартально после начала применения.","status":"законопроект: на рассмотрении","sunset":"","regulator":"Департамент торговли (экспорт), Департамент энергетики (отчётность)","related":"Export Control Reform Act of 2018"},"goal":{"problem":"неконтролируемое развитие ИИ и строительство крупных ЦОД создают риски для безопасности, занятости, прав работников, коммунальных тарифов и окружающей среды.","goal":"ввести временную паузу на строительство/апгрейд ИИ-ЦОД и ограничить экспорт вычислительного оборудования до создания режима предрелизной проверки ИИ и распределения выгод в пользу работников; обеспечить прозрачность параметров функционирования ЦОД.","targets":"","scope":"проекты строительства/апгрейда «ИИ-центров обработки данных»; поставщики и экспортеры вычислительной инфраструктуры; страны-получатели без сопоставимого регулирования; работники/сообщества вокруг площадок.","exclusions":"определение исключает объекты ниже порогов мощности/дизайна из-под понятия AI data center; иные исключения прямо не установлены."},"subjects_note":{"protected":"потребители электроэнергии, затронутые сообщества, работники (в т.ч. через профсоюзы)."},"subjects":[{"role":"разработчик, оператор","who":"владельцы/операторы artificial intelligence data center","criteria":"единый контроль над площадкой(ами); использование под разработку/эксплуатацию моделей ИИ в масштабе либо мощность >20 МВт и дизайн ≥20 кВт на стойку или жидкостное охлаждение компонентов/иммерсия.","count":"нет данных"}],"norms":[{"address":"§ 3(b)","addressee":"разработчик, оператор","essence":"Запрещено начинать или продолжать строительство/апгрейд искусственного интеллекта центра обработки данных до вступления в силу федеральных законов о предрелизной проверке ИИ и распределении выгод работникам, а также выполнения условий пост-моратория.","type":"запрет","mechanism":"барьер входа","cost_channel":"административные","cost_kind":"регулярные (до снятия моратория)","trigger":"до начала деятельности","sanction":"применение мер принуждения согласно полномочиям Секретаря энергетики (проверки, субпоены, отказы в разрешениях) плюс отчётность; санкции за нарушение устанавливаются связанными актами.","refs":"да, к будущим законам об ИИ и контролю субсидий.","form":"смешанная","in_force":"со дня вступления в силу Акта","ru_analog":"требует проверки"},{"address":"§ 3(c)(1)-(2)","addressee":"госорган (Департамент энергетики), косвенно — оператор как источник информации","essence":"Секретарь энергетики обязан ежеквартально представлять Конгрессу и публиковать отчёты по каждому ИИ-ЦОД с раскрытием финансирования, энергопотребления, водопользования, выбросов, химикатов охлаждения, шума, трудовых показателей и отсутствия госсубсидий.","type":"обязанность","mechanism":"информирование","cost_channel":"административные","cost_kind":"регулярные","trigger":"постоянно/ежеквартально","sanction":"меры обеспечения достоверности (субпоены, инспекции, обусловленность разрешений)","refs":"нет прямой отсылки","form":"цифровая (публикация онлайн) и бумажная (доклад Конгрессу)","in_force":"со дня вступления в силу Акта","ru_analog":"требует проверки"},{"address":"§ 4(b)-(c)","addressee":"платформа, посредник, распространитель (экспортеры аппаратуры)","essence":"Министр торговли должен запрещать экспорт/реэкспорт/перемещение внутри страны вычислительной инфраструктуры для обучения/развёртывания ИИ-моделей в странах без сопоставимых законов об ИИ.","type":"запрет","mechanism":"ограничение модели экспорта","cost_channel":"прямые платежи, административные","cost_kind":"по событию","trigger":"при экспорте/реэкспорте/transfer in-country","sanction":"запреты перемещения; ответственность определяется связанным режимом экспортного контроля","refs":"да, Export Control Reform Act of 2018","form":"цифровая/бумажная (лицензирование/декларирование)","in_force":"со дня вступления в силу Акта","ru_analog":"требует проверки"},{"address":"§ 3(b)(1)(C)(i)-(v)","addressee":"разработчик, оператор","essence":"После прекращения моратория законы должны обеспечивать отсутствие роста коммунальных платежей потребителей, экологическую безопасность, одобрение сообществом площадки, создание профсоюзных рабочих мест с преобладающей оплатой и отсутствием госсубсидий.","type":"обязанность","mechanism":"операционные издержки, распределение риска","cost_channel":"капитальные, содержательные, административные","cost_kind":"разовые и регулярные","trigger":"проектирование/строительство/операция после моратория","sanction":"непринятие закона-прекращателя сохраняет мораторий; обеспечение соблюдения — через связанные механизмы допусков и отчётности","refs":"да, к будущим законам об ИИ","form":"смешанная","in_force":"применяется после прекращения моратория","ru_analog":"требует проверки"}]},"made_by":"GigaChat-3-Ultra","made_at":"2026-09-16 08:16:53","edited_at":null,"edited_by":null}}