{"check":null,"uid":"56053404a18c1ffc","title":"Online Consumer Protection Act","title_generated":false,"country":"США","organ":"Конгресс США","kind":"law","kind_name":"Законодательство","lang":"en","date":"2026-05-14","summary":"Соцсети и маркетплейсы обяжут держать в открытом доступе пользовательское соглашение — простым языком и в машиночитаемом виде — с главой о защите потребителя: как платят, кому принадлежит контент и кому его передают, за что публикацию удаляют или закрывают аккаунт, как это обжаловать, какая помощь есть у жертв кибертравли. Маркетплейсы раскрывают также порядок жалоб, возвратов и права продавца. Нарушение собственных правил приравнивается к недобросовестной практике. Площадки с выручкой свыше 250 тыс. долларов или 10 тыс. активных пользователей в месяц ежегодно отчитываются в Федеральную торговую комиссию; иск вправе подать комиссия, прокурор штата и сам пользователь.","snippet":"","topics":["Цифровые платформы и сервисы","Регулирование контента"],"status":"ok","error":"","text_len":21776,"versions":1,"url":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119-congress/hr/2889","first_seen":"2026-08-19","last_checked":"2026-09-17 02:00","relevance":"hit","score":14,"query":"","source_key":"congress_us","verdict":{"relevance":"hit","score":14,"topics":["Цифровые платформы и сервисы"],"need_body":3,"authorities":[{"kind":"орган","name":"Federal Trade Commission","topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы"}],"evidence":[{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"маркетплейс","weak":false,"pos":41,"ctx":"online consumer protection act соцсети и маркетплейсы обяжут держать в открытом доступе пользовательское соглашение — простым языком и в машино","zone":"название","weight":3},{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"маркетплейс","weak":false,"pos":356,"ctx":"удаляют или закрывают аккаунт, как это обжаловать, какая помощь есть у жертв кибертравли. маркетплейсы раскрывают также порядок жалоб, возвратов и права продавца. нарушение собственных правил","zone":"название","weight":3},{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"social media","weak":true,"pos":58,"ctx":"summary online consumer protection act this bill requires social media platforms and online marketplaces to establish, maintain, and disclose terms of service t","zone":"текст","weight":0},{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"social media","weak":true,"pos":543,"ctx":"ketplace and how content or products may be blocked, removed, or modified. the policy for social media platforms also must describe the tools and support available to users who have experience","zone":"текст","weight":0},{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"social media","weak":true,"pos":665,"ctx":"describe the tools and support available to users who have experienced cyber harassment. social media platforms and online marketplaces must develop and implement a consumer protection progra","zone":"текст","weight":0},{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"social media","weak":true,"pos":2383,"ctx":"e cited as the ``online consumer protection act''.  sec. 2. terms of service required for social media platforms and online marketplaces.  (a) in general.--each social media platform or online","zone":"текст","weight":0},{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"social media","weak":true,"pos":2454,"ctx":"rvice required for social media platforms and online marketplaces.  (a) in general.--each social media platform or online marketplace shall establish, maintain, and make publicly available at","zone":"текст","weight":0},{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"social media","weak":true,"pos":3625,"ctx":"opic the commission deems appropriate. (b) required consumer protection policy.-- (1) for social media platforms.--for social media platforms, the consumer protection policy required by subsec","zone":"текст","weight":0},{"topic":"Цифровые платформы и сервисы","term":"Federal Trade Commission","weak":false,"pos":1769,"ctx":"ore than 10,000 active monthly users on average in the prior year also must submit to the Federal Trade Commission annual filings with respect to the requirements of this bill. The bill provides for enfor","zone":"орган","weight":3}],"dropped":[]},"last_changed":"2026-08-19","meta":{"congress":"119","billType":"HR","number":"2889","policyArea":"Commerce","subjects":[],"latestAction":"2025-04-10 Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce."},"source_url":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119-congress/hr/2889","text":"SUMMARY\nOnline Consumer Protection Act\nThis bill requires social media platforms and online marketplaces to establish, maintain, and disclose terms of service that include a consumer protection policy.\nThe terms must cover issues such as payment methods, content ownership, and policies related to sharing user content with third parties.\nFurther, the consumer protection policy must address what content or products are permitted on the platform or marketplace and how content or products may be blocked, removed, or modified. The policy for social media platforms also must describe the tools and support available to users who have experienced cyber harassment.\nSocial media platforms and online marketplaces must develop and implement a consumer protection program to maintain compliance with the terms of service, consumer protection policies, and consumer protection laws. Platforms and marketplaces with annual revenues that exceeded $250,000 in the prior year or more than 10,000 active monthly users on average in the prior year also must submit to the Federal Trade Commission annual filings with respect to the requirements of this bill.\nThe bill provides for enforcement by the commission, state attorneys general, and private civil action.\n\nFULL TEXT\n[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]\n[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]\n[H.R. 2889 Introduced in House (IH)]\n\n<DOC>\n\n119th CONGRESS\n1st Session\nH. R. 2889\n\nTo clarify that a violation of certain terms of service and related\nmaterials is an unfair or deceptive act or practice and subject to\nenforcement by the Federal Trade Commission.\n\n_______________________________________________________________________\n\nIN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES\n\nApril 10, 2025\n\nMs. Schakowsky (for herself and Ms. Castor of Florida) introduced the\nfollowing bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and\nCommerce\n\n_______________________________________________________________________\n\nA BILL\n\nTo clarify that a violation of certain terms of service and related\nmaterials is an unfair or deceptive act or practice and subject to\nenforcement by the Federal Trade Commission.\n\nBe it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the\nUnited States of America in Congress assembled,\n\nSECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.\n\nThis Act may be cited as the ``Online Consumer Protection Act''.\n\nSEC. 2. TERMS OF SERVICE REQUIRED FOR SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS AND ONLINE\nMARKETPLACES.\n\n(a) In General.--Each social media platform or online marketplace\nshall establish, maintain, and make publicly available at all times and\nin a machine-readable format, terms of service in a manner that is\nclear, easily understood, and written in plain and concise language.\nThe terms of service shall meet the following requirements:\n(1) The terms of service shall include--\n(A) any terms or conditions of use of any service\nprovided by such person to a consumer;\n(B) any policies of such person with regard to such\nservice or use of such service by a consumer; and\n(C) the consumer protection policy consistent with\nsubsection (b).\n(2) The terms of service shall cover issues related to the\nbehavior of a service or a user of such service, and shall at a\nminimum include terms of use related to--\n(A) payment methods;\n(B) content ownership, including content generated\nby a user;\n(C) policies related to sharing user content with\nthird parties;\n(D) any disclaimers, limitations, notices of\nnonliability, or the consequences of not agreeing to or\ncomplying with the terms of service; and\n(E) any other topic the Commission deems\nappropriate.\n(b) Required Consumer Protection Policy.--\n(1) For social media platforms.--For social media\nplatforms, the consumer protection policy required by\nsubsection (a) shall include--\n(A) a description of the content and behavior\npermitted or prohibited on its service both by the\nplatform and by users;\n(B) whether content may be blocked, removed, or\nmodified, or if service to users may be terminated and\nthe grounds upon which such actions will be taken;\n(C) whether a person can request that content be\nblocked, removed, or modified, or that a user's service\nbe terminated, and how to make such a request;\n(D) a description of how a user will be notified of\nand can respond to a request that his or her content be\nblocked, removed, or modified, or service be\nterminated, if such actions are taken;\n(E) whether a user who requested content be\nblocked, removed, or modified will be notified of\nwhether action was taken as a result of the request,\nthe action that was taken, the reason why action was\ntaken or not taken, and how the user will be notified;\n(F) how a person can appeal a decision to block,\nremove, or modify content, allow content to remain, or\nterminate or not terminate service to a user, if such\nactions are taken;\n(G) a description of how a user will be notified of\nthe result of the appeal;\n(H) a description of the tools and support\navailable to users who have experienced cyber\nharassment; and\n(I) any other topic the Commission deems\nappropriate.\n(2) For online marketplaces.--For online marketplaces, the\nconsumer protection policy required by subsection (a) shall\ninclude--\n(A) a description of the products, product\ndescriptions, and marketing material, allowed or\ndisallowed on the marketplace;\n(B) whether a product, product descriptions, and\nmarketing material may be blocked, removed, or\nmodified, or if service to a user may be terminated and\nthe grounds upon which such actions will be taken;\n(C) whether users will be notified of products that\nhave been recalled or are dangerous, and how they will\nbe notified;\n(D) for users--\n(i) whether a user can report suspected\nfraud, deception, dangerous products, or\nviolations of the online marketplace's terms of\nservice, and how to make such report;\n(ii) whether a user who submitted a report\nwill be notified of whether action was taken as\na result of the report, the action that was\ntaken and the reason why action was taken or\nnot taken, and how the user will be notified;\n(iii) how to appeal the result of a report;\n(iv) whether a user who appealed the result\nof a report will be notified of whether action\nwas taken as a result of the appeal, the action\nthat was taken, the reason why action was taken\nor not taken, and how the user will be\nnotified; and\n(v) under what circumstances a user is\nentitled to refund, repair, or other remedy and\nthe remedy to which the user may be entitled,\nhow the user will be notified of such\nentitlement, and how the user may claim such\nremedy; and\n(E) for sellers--\n(i) how sellers are notified of a report by\na user or a violation of the terms of service\nor consumer protection policy;\n(ii) how to contest a report by a user;\n(iii) how a seller who is the subject of a\nreport will be notified of what action will be\nor must be taken as a result of the report and\nthe justification for such action;\n(iv) how to appeal a decision of the online\nmarketplace to take an action in response to a\nuser report or for a violation of the terms of\nservice or consumer protection policy; and\n(v) the policy regarding refunds, repairs,\nreplacements, or other remedies as a result of\na user report or a violation of the terms of\nservice or consumer protection policy.\n(c) Standard Short-Form Statements and Graphic Icons for Consumer\nProtection Practices.--\n(1) Study and report.--Not later than 180 days after the\ndate of the enactment of this Act, the Commission shall conduct\na study to determine the most effective method of communicating\ncommon consumer protection practices in short-form consumer\ndisclosure statements or graphic icons that disclose the\nconsumer protection and content moderation practices of social\nmedia platforms and online marketplaces. The Commission shall\nsubmit a report to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the\nHouse of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce,\nScience, and Transportation of the Senate with the results of\nthe study. The report shall also be made publicly available on\nthe website of the Commission.\n(2) Regulations.--Except as provided in paragraph (3),\nafter completion of the study and not later than 1 year after\nthe date of the enactment of this Act, the Commission shall\nfinalize regulations based on the results of such study that\nrequire social media platforms and online marketplaces to\ncommunicate their consumer protection and content moderation\npractices, and any other information as the Commission may\ndetermine, in a clear and conspicuous manner.\n(3) Exception.--If the Commission determines, by a majority\nvote of the Commissioners, that short-form consumer disclosure\nstatements or graphic icons will not advance consumer\nunderstanding of consumer protection and content moderation\npractices of social media platforms and online marketplaces,\nthe Commission shall include its reasoning for making that\ndetermination in the report to Congress required by paragraph\n(1) and shall not finalize the rulemaking until it determines\nsuch rules would advance consumer understanding of consumer\nprotection and content moderation practices of social media\nplatforms and online marketplaces.\n\nSEC. 3. CONSUMER PROTECTION PROGRAM.\n\n(a) In General.--Each social media platform and online marketplace\nshall establish and implement a consumer protection program that\nincludes policies, practices, and procedures regarding consumer\nprotection and content moderation--\n(1) to--\n(A) ensure compliance with applicable Federal,\nState, and local consumer protection laws;\n(B) develop, implement, and ensure compliance with\nthe terms of service required by section 2;\n(C) develop and implement policies regarding the\ncontent and behavior permitted on its service both by\nthe platform and users, and ensure compliance with such\npolicies, practices and procedures;\n(D) mitigate risks that could be harmful to\nconsumers' safety, well-being, and reasonable\nexpectations of users of the social media platform or\nonline marketplace, including cyber harassment;\n(E) implement reasonable safeguards within, and\ntraining and education of employees and contractors of,\nthe social media platform or online marketplace to\npromote compliance with all consumer protection laws\nand the consumer protection program; and\n(F) disclose any other requirement the Commission\ndeems appropriate; and\n(2) taking into consideration--\n(A) the size of, and the nature, scope, and\ncomplexity of the activities engaged in by the social\nmedia platform and online marketplace;\n(B) the activities engaged in by users on the\nsocial media platform or online marketplace; and\n(C) the cost of implementing the program.\n(b) Additional Requirements.--As part of the consumer protection\nprogram, a social media platform or online marketplace shall--\n(1) establish processes to monitor, manage, and enforce the\nsocial media platform's or online marketplace's consumer\nprotection program, and demonstrate the covered entity's\ncompliance with Federal, State, and local consumer protection\nlaws;\n(2) establish processes to assess and mitigate the risks to\nindividuals resulting from the social media platform's or\nonline marketplace's amplification of content or products not\nin compliance with its terms of service;\n(3) establish a process to periodically review and update\nthe consumer protection program;\n(4) appoint a consumer protection officer, who reports\ndirectly to the chief executive officer; and\n(5) establish and implement controls to monitor and\nmitigate known or reasonably foreseeable risks to consumers\nresulting from hosting content or products.\n(c) Annual Filings to the FTC.--\n(1) Filing requirements.--Each social media platform or\nonline marketplace that either has annual revenue in excess of\n$250,000 in the prior year or that has more than 10,000 monthly\nactive users on average in the prior year, shall be required to\nsubmit to the Commission, on an annual basis, a filing that\nincludes--\n(A) a detailed and granular description of each of\nthe requirements in section 2 and this section;\n(B) the name and contact information of the\nconsumer protection officer required under subsection\n(b)(4); and\n(C) a description of any material changes in the\nconsumer protection program or the terms of service\nsince the most recent prior disclosure to the\nCommission.\n(2) Officer certification.--For each entity that submits an\nannual filing under paragraph (1), the entity's principal\nexecutive officer and the consumer protection officer required\nunder subsection (b)(4), shall be required to certify in each\nsuch annual filing that--\n(A) the signing officer has reviewed the filing;\n(B) based on such officer's knowledge, the filing\ndoes not contain any untrue statement of a material\nfact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make\nthe statements, in light of the circumstances under\nwhich such statements were made, not misleading;\n(C) based on such officer's knowledge, the filing\nfairly presents in all material respects the consumer\nprotection practices of the social media platform or\nonline marketplace; and\n(D) the signing consumer protection officer--\n(i) is responsible for establishing and\nmaintaining safeguards and controls to protect\nconsumers and administer the consumer\nprotection program; and\n(ii) has provided all material conclusions\nabout the effectiveness of such safeguards and\ncontrols.\n(3) Public availability.--The Commission shall make\npublicly available on the website of the Commission the filings\nsubmitted under paragraph (1). The Commission may withhold\ninformation included in such a filing if the Commission\ndetermines such information should not be public. If the\nCommission withholds any information, the Commission shall make\npublicly available on the website the category of information\nwithheld and the reasons for withholding it.\n\nSEC. 4. ENFORCEMENT.\n\n(a) Enforcement by Federal Trade Commission.--\n(1) Unfair or deceptive acts or practices.--Any violation\nof this Act shall be treated as a violation of a regulation\nunder section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act\n(15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)) regarding unfair or deceptive acts or\npractices.\n(2) Powers of commission.--The Commission shall enforce\nthis Act in the same manner, by the same means, and with the\nsame jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all applicable\nterms and provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15\nU.S.C. 41 et seq.) were incorporated into and made a part of\nthis Act. Any person who violates this Act shall be subject to\nthe penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities\nprovided in the Federal Trade Commission Act.\n(b) Regulations.--The Commission shall promulgate regulations under\nsection 553 of title 5, United States Code, to carry out the purposes\nof this Act.\n(c) Private Right of Action.--\n(1) Enforcement by individuals.--\n(A) In general.--An individual alleging damages as\na result of a violation of this Act may bring a civil\naction in any court of competent jurisdiction, State or\nFederal.\n(B) Relief.--In a civil action brought under\nsubparagraph (A) in which the plaintiff prevails, the\ncourt may award--\n(i) damages as provided in subparagraph\n(C);\n(ii) reasonable attorney's fees and\nlitigation costs; and\n(iii) any other relief, including equitable\nor declaratory relief, that the court\ndetermines appropriate.\n(C) Damages.--A prevailing plaintiff is entitled to\nactual damages as a result of the violation of this\nAct.\n(2) Invalidity of pre-dispute arbitration agreements and\npre-dispute joint-action waivers.--\n(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other\nprovision of law, no pre-dispute arbitration agreement\nor pre-dispute joint-action waiver shall be valid or\nenforceable with respect to a dispute arising under\nthis Act.\n(B) Applicability.--Any determination as to whether\nor how this paragraph applies to any dispute shall be\nmade by a court, rather than an arbitrator, without\nregard to whether such agreement purports to delegate\nsuch determination to an arbitrator.\n(C) Definitions.--In this paragraph:\n(i) Pre-dispute arbitration agreement.--The\nterm ``pre-dispute arbitration agreement''\nmeans any agreement to arbitrate a dispute that\nhas not arisen at the time of making the\nagreement.\n(ii) Pre-dispute joint-action waiver.--The\nterm ``pre-dispute joint-action waiver'' means\nan agreement, whether or not part of a pre-\ndispute arbitration agreement, that would\nprohibit, or waive the right of, one of the\nparties to the agreement to participate in a\njoint, class, or collective action in a\njudicial, arbitral, administration, or other\nforum, concerning a dispute that has not yet\narisen at the time of making the agreement.\n(iii) Dispute.--The term ``dispute'' means\nany claim related to an alleged violation of\nthis Act and between an individual and a\ncovered organization.\n(d) Enforcement by State Attorneys General.--\n(1) In general.--If the chief law enforcement officer of a\nState, or an official or agency designated by a State, has\nreason to believe that any person has violated or is violating\nthis Act, the attorney general, official, or agency of the\nState, in addition to any authority it may have to bring an\naction in State court under its consumer protection law, may\nbring a civil action in any appropriate United States district\ncourt or in any other court of competent jurisdiction,\nincluding a State court, to--\n(A) enjoin further such violation by such person;\n(B) enforce compliance with this Act;\n(C) obtain civil penalties; and\n(D) obtain damages, restitution, or other\ncompensation on behalf of residents of the State.\n(2) Notice and intervention by the ftc.--The attorney\ngeneral of a State shall provide prior written notice of any\naction under paragraph (1) to the Commission and provide the\nCommission with a copy of the complaint in the action, except\nin any case in which such prior notice is not feasible, in\nwhich case the attorney general shall serve such notice\nimmediately upon instituting such action. The Commission shall\nhave the right--\n(A) to intervene in the action;\n(B) upon so intervening, to be heard on all matters\narising therein; and\n(C) to file petitions for appeal.\n(3) Limitation on state action while federal action is\npending.--If the Commission has instituted a civil action for\nviolation of this Act, no State attorney general, or official\nor agency of a State, may bring an action under this subsection\nduring the pendency of that action against any defendant named\nin the complaint of the Commission for any violation of this\nAct alleged in the complaint.\n(4) Relationship with state-law claims.--If the attorney\ngeneral of a State has authority to bring an action under State\nlaw directed at acts or practices that also violate this Act,\nthe attorney general may assert the State-law claim and a claim\nunder this Act in the same civil action.\n\nSEC. 5. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER LAWS.\n\n(a) Effect of Other Laws.--Section 230 of the Communications Act of\n1934 (47 U.S.C. 230) shall not apply to any violation of this Act.\n(b) Effect on State Laws.--Nothing in this Act or any regulation\npromulgated under this Act shall preempt or otherwise affect any State\nor local law.\n(c) Severability.--If any provision of this Act, or the application\nthereof to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the remainder\nof this Act and the application of such provision to other persons not\nsimilarly situated or to other circumstances shall not be affected by\nthe invalidation.\n\nSEC. 6. FTC ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITY.\n\n(a) In General.--Section 230(e) of the Communications Act of 1934\n(47 U.S.C. 230(e)) is amended by adding at the end the following:\n``(6) No effect on ftc enforcement.--Nothing in this\nsection shall be construed to impair the enforcement by the\nFederal Trade Commission of any provision of law enforced by\nthe Federal Trade Commission.''.\n(b) Applicability.--The amendment made by this section shall apply\nwith respect to any action or proceeding that is commenced on or after\nthe date of the enactment of this Act.\n\nSEC. 7. DEFINITIONS.\n\nAs used in this Act, the following definitions apply:\n(1) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the Federal\nTrade Commission.\n(2) Consumer product.--The term ``consumer product'' has\nthe meaning given such term in section 3(a) of the Consumer\nProduct Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)).\n(3) Cyber harassment.--The term ``cyber harassment'' means\nelectronic communication that harasses, torments, threatens, or\nterrorizes a target.\n(4) Online marketplace.--The term ``online marketplace''\nmeans a website or web application, that--\n(A) includes features that allow for, facilitate,\nor enable third-party sellers to engage in the sale,\npurchase, payment, storage, shipping, or delivery of a\nconsumer product in the United States; and\n(B) hosts one or more third-party sellers.\n(5) Seller.--The term ``seller'' means a person or entity\nthat sells, offers to sell, or contracts to sell a consumer\nproduct through an online marketplace's platform.\n(6) Social media platform.--The term ``social media\nplatform'' means a website or mobile web application that--\n(A) permits a person to become a registered user,\nestablish an account, or create a profile for the\npurpose of allowing the user to create, share, and view\nuser-generated content through such an account or\nprofile;\n(B) enables one or more users to generate content\nthat can be viewed by other users of the platform; and\n(C) primarily serves as a medium for users to\ninteract with content generated by other users of the\nmedium and for the platform to deliver ads to users.\n(7) User.--The term ``user'' means a person or entity that\nuses a social media platform or online marketplace for any\npurpose, including advertisers and sellers, regardless of\nwhether that person has an account or is otherwise registered\nwith the platform.\n<all>","changes":[],"passport":{"data":{"act":{"jurisdiction":"США","title_official":"Online Consumer Protection Act","title_short":"Закон о защите онлайн-потребителей","level":"закон","date_adopted":"2025-04-10","date_in_force":"","date_version":"","phased":"","status":"законопроект: на рассмотрении","sunset":"","regulator":"Федеральная торговая комиссия (FTC)","related":""},"goal":{"problem":"Недостаточная прозрачность условий использования социальных сетей и маркетплейсов, отсутствие ясных механизмов защиты потребителей.","goal":"Повышение прозрачности и доступности информации о правилах пользования платформами, защита интересов потребителей, предотвращение злоупотреблений.","targets":"","scope":"Социальные сети и онлайн-маркетплейсы, пользователи этих сервисов.","exclusions":""},"subjects_note":{"protected":"Потребители"},"subjects":[{"role":"Поставщик","who":"Социальные медиа платформы и онлайн-маркетплейсы","criteria":"Платформы с ежегодным доходом более $250,000 или более 10,000 активных пользователей ежемесячно","count":"нет данных"}],"norms":[{"address":"SEC. 2(a)","addressee":"Поставщик","essence":"Каждая социальная сеть и маркетплейс обязаны установить, поддерживать и публично публиковать условия обслуживания, включая политику защиты потребителей.","type":"Обязанность","mechanism":"Информирование","cost_channel":"Содержательные","cost_kind":"Регулярные","trigger":"Постоянно","sanction":"","refs":"","form":"Цифровая","in_force":"","ru_analog":"Требует проверки"},{"address":"SEC. 2(b)(1)","addressee":"Поставщик","essence":"Политика защиты потребителей должна включать описание допустимого контента и поведения, а также процедуры блокировки, удаления или изменения контента.","type":"Обязанность","mechanism":"Ограничение модели","cost_channel":"Содержательные","cost_kind":"Регулярные","trigger":"Постоянно","sanction":"","refs":"","form":"Цифровая","in_force":"","ru_analog":"Требует проверки"},{"address":"SEC. 3(a)","addressee":"Поставщик","essence":"Каждый поставщик обязан создать программу защиты потребителей, включающую меры обеспечения соблюдения законодательства и внутренних политик.","type":"Обязанность","mechanism":"Операционные издержки","cost_channel":"Административный","cost_kind":"Регулярные","trigger":"До начала деятельности","sanction":"","refs":"","form":"Бумажная/Цифровая","in_force":"","ru_analog":"Требует проверки"},{"address":"SEC. 3(c)(1)","addressee":"Поставщик","essence":"Крупные площадки должны ежегодно подавать отчёты Федеральной торговой комиссии о соблюдении требований закона.","type":"Обязанность","mechanism":"Барьер входа","cost_channel":"Прямой платёж","cost_kind":"Регулярные","trigger":"Ежегодно","sanction":"","refs":"","form":"Цифровая","in_force":"","ru_analog":"Требует проверки"},{"address":"SEC. 4(a)(1)","addressee":"Поставщик","essence":"Нарушения данного закона рассматриваются как нарушение антимонопольного законодательства и подлежат санкциям со стороны Федеральной торговой комиссии.","type":"Ответственность","mechanism":"Распределение риска","cost_channel":"Прямой платёж","cost_kind":"По событию","trigger":"При нарушении","sanction":"Штрафы согласно закону о Федеральной торговой комиссии","refs":"Федеральный торговый кодекс","form":"Нет прямых издержек","in_force":"","ru_analog":"Требует проверки"},{"address":"SEC. 4(c)(1)","addressee":"Пользователь системы","essence":"Любой гражданин может обратиться в суд с иском против поставщика услуг за нарушения данного закона.","type":"Право","mechanism":"Распределение риска","cost_channel":"Прямой платёж","cost_kind":"По событию","trigger":"При нарушении","sanction":"Возмещение ущерба, судебные расходы","refs":"","form":"Судебная процедура","in_force":"","ru_analog":"Требует проверки"},{"address":"SEC. 4(d)(1)","addressee":"Госорган","essence":"Генеральные прокуроры штатов могут инициировать гражданские дела против нарушителей закона.","type":"Полномочие","mechanism":"Распределение риска","cost_channel":"Прямой платёж","cost_kind":"По событию","trigger":"При выявлении нарушений","sanction":"Гражданская ответственность, штрафы","refs":"","form":"Судебная процедура","in_force":"","ru_analog":"Требует проверки"}]},"made_by":"GigaChat-2-Max","made_at":"2026-09-10 15:44:06","edited_at":null,"edited_by":null}}